From which tissue do branch roots originate?

Branch roots originate from the pericycle, which is a layer of cells located just inside the endodermis and surrounding the vascular tissue in roots. The pericycle is responsible for producing lateral roots in response to certain environmental and hormonal signals. During the development of branch roots, parenchyma cells in the pericycle undergo divisions and differentiate to form new root structures. This ability to give rise to lateral roots is crucial for the root system's overall growth and stability, allowing plants to explore more soil volume for water and nutrients.

The other tissues mentioned have distinct functions; for example, vascular tissue is involved in the transport of water, nutrients, and sugars, while the cortex primarily stores food and provides structural support. The endodermis acts as a selective barrier regulating the flow of substances into the vascular system. Thus, the pericycle's unique role in giving rise to branch roots makes it the correct answer in this context.