What is one of the main functions of the root cap?

The root cap plays a crucial role in protecting the root's growing tip as the plant pushes through the soil. It is composed of specialized cells that are tasked with shielding the apical meristem, which is the region of active cell division responsible for root elongation. As the root grows, it encounters various physical obstacles in the soil, and the root cap helps to lessen damage to the delicate tissues beneath it. This protective function is essential for the plant's overall growth and development, as any injury to the apical meristem can hinder root formation and subsequently affect nutrient and water uptake.