Which type of roots provide stability for tropical trees in shallow soil?

Buttress roots are particularly important for tropical trees growing in shallow soil because they extend outward from the trunk, forming a large, wide base that helps stabilize the tree. In environments where the soil may be limited in depth and nutrients, these roots spread horizontally to anchor the tree firmly and prevent it from tipping over in strong winds or heavy rain. This adaptation is especially crucial in tropical rainforests, where competition for light and resources is intense, and the trees need a reliable structure to support their height and canopy.

Other types of roots, such as contractile roots, primarily function to pull the plant deeper into the soil for stability or nutrient access and are not designed for lateral support. Parasitic roots are focused on extraction of nutrients from host plants, rather than providing stability. Aerial roots, while they can serve various functions like moisture absorption and supplementary support, do not typically provide the same level of structural support as buttress roots in shallow soils.